World Map (Typus Orbis Terrarum), Abraham Ortelius, 1570
PLACES
—A—
Abîme (Abisme) - Saracen kingdom, the Abyss [A]
Agen - City near the border of France and Spain conquered by Argolander [HCG]
Agrigento - City on the southern coast of Sicily [OI]
Aigremoine (Agremoure, Aigremore, Egremoure) - Wealthy city in Spain ruled by Balan the Almiran, the Twelve Peers are besieged in its tower [F]
Aigremont (Aygremont, Agramonte) - City in southern France near Montpellier, city of Buovo, son of Bernard of Clermont [FSA] [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen, Aquis Granum) - City in the County of Liege, Maximin is its Bishop, Charlemagne's preferred Imperial residence [A] [F] [HCG] [KS]
Albany - Broad territory representing the parts of Scotland north of the River Forth [OF]
Albarossia - Eastern part of Belarus [OI]
Albracca - Bukhara [OI]
Alemagne - Germany [LRF]
Alexandria - Port city on the Mediterranean coast of Africa [A] [HCG] [LRF]
Alfagne - Saracen country [A]
Algarve - Region in southern Portugal [HCG]
Algeciras - City on the Bay of Gibraltar [OF] [OI]
Algoco - Land where Sobrino is king [OI]
Altafoglia - Near Sestino in the province of Arezzo [OI]
Altaripa (Ripa) - Tolna, in Hungary [OF] [OI]
Anatolia - Asia Minor, major part of Turkey [OI]
Andalusia - Region of southern Spain [HCG]
Angers - City in western France, capital of Anjou, southwest of Paris [A] [OTD]
Anglante (Angleris) - City that Milo is from [HCG] [LRF]
Angoulême - City in Aquitaine [HCG]
Anjou - County in France straddling the lower Loire river [A]
Antioch - City in the province of Aleppo in Syria [OF]
Apulia (Puglia) - Region in the extreme southeast of Italy [HCG] [LRF]
Aquitaine - Region of southwest France bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees, also a city in that region [A] [HCG]
Arabia - Peninsula in western Asia [HCG]
Aragon - Kingdom in northeast Spain [A] [F] [HCG] [LRF]
Arcanora - Town in northern Africa [LRF]
Arge - Bridge on the Compostella road [HCG]
Ardennes - Forest region of rolling hills primarily in Belgium and Luxembourg, extending into Germany and France, region formed from parts of Lorraine and Champagne [A] [GB]
Argenoi - Saracen country [A]
Arico - River in Persia [LRF]
Arles - City on the Rhône River in the Provence region of southern France, where many of the French knights who were killed at Roncevaux are buried, Trophimus is its Bishop [HCG]
Armenia - Country in the mountainous Caucasus region between Asia and Europe [LRF]
Arzila - Fortified town on the northwest tip of the Atlantic coast of Morocco [OI]
Aspremont (Aspromonte, Asperment) - Mountain massif in Calabria, in southern Italy [A] [OF] [OI]
Assyria - Kingdom in Mesopotamia [LRF]
Atlas Mountains - Mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa [OF] [OI]
Augorie - Tower of Augorie near Maudrane, one of five legendary Saracen cities in northern Spain that Guy of Burgundy conquers [GB]
Auvergne - Province of Occitania in central France, mountainous region [A] [HCG]
Avallon - City in eastern France, southeast of Paris [GB] [KS] [OTD]
—B—
Babylon - Saracen kingdom and ancient city on the Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, south of Baghdad [A] [OF] [OI]
Bactria - Region in Central Asia north of the Hindu Kush mountains [OF] [OI]
Barbary - Land of the Berbers, region of North Africa [HCG]
Barcelona - City on the coast of northeast Spain [LRF]
Batre - Saracen kingdom ruled by Galindre [A]
Bavaria - Duchy in southeast Germany ruled by Duke Naimon [A] [F] [GB] [LRF] [O] [OF] [OI] [OTD] [PC]
Bayonne - City in southwest France near the Spanish border [HCG] [LRF] [OI]
Bearne (Bearn) - Province of France in the Pyrenees mountains [HCG]
Beauvais - City in northern France [A]
Béfanie - Saracen country [A]
Béjaïa (Bugia) - Mediterranean port city in Algeria [HCG] [OF] [OI]
Bernica - Bengazi in Libya, where Barigano is king [OI]
Berry - County in central France ruled by Aymeri [A] [HCG] [LRF]
Bethlehem - City in Palestine south of Jerusalem, birthplace of Jesus of Nazareth [A]
Bilanda - Land of the knight Arnoldo [OI]
Bizerte (Biserta) - City in Tunisia, also known as Hippo [OF] [OI]
Blaye - Town on the Gironde estuary where many of the French knights who were killed at Roncevaux are buried [HCG]
Bohemia - Kingdom in eastern Europe [LRF]
Bordeaux - Region and port city on the Garonne river in southwest France, where Roland's body was finally interred along with many other French knights [GB] [HCG] [LRF] [OI] [OTD]
Boudrac (Baudrac) - Town in southwest France [F]
Bourges - City in Berry [HCG]
Brava - Breton March ruled by Roland [LRF]
Brittany (Bretagne) - Kingdom on a peninsula in northern France, ruled by Salomon [A] [F] [HCG] [LRF] [OI] [OTD]
Buda - Capital of Hungary [LRF]
Burgundy (Bourgogne) - Duchy in east-central France west of the Saone river, Girard of Fraite is its ruler [A] [F] [GB] [HCG] [LRF] [OI]
—C—
Cádiz - Island port city in the Andalusia region of southern Spain, location of the Salamcadis and the Statue of Cádiz [HCG]
Calabria - Region in the extreme southwest of Italy, peninsula separated from Sicily by the Strait of Messina [A] [LRF]
Calahorra - Town in Spain at the confluence of the Ebro and Cidacos rivers [F]
Candalor - City in northeast Spain [LRF]
Carena - Mountain in the Atlas mountain range, home of Atlantes [OF] [OI]
Carion - City of Carrión de los Condes in the spanish province of León [GB]
Carsaude - One of five legendary Saracen cities in northern Spain that Guy of Burgundy conquers [GB]
Carthage - Coastal city in northern Africa [LRF]
Castel-Fort - Ogier the Dane's castle in Italy, it is located high on a rock at the entrance of a gorge surrounded by steep cliffs and a swamp, the mortar was steeped in boiled blood rendering it impervious to catapults and other engines of war [OTD]
Castile - Kingdom in north-central Spain [F] [HCG] [LRF]
Cathay - Country in northern China [OF] [OI]
Cenis - Town in southeast France [LRF]
Coïmbre (Coimbra) - Riverfront city in central Portugal [F]
Cologne - City in Germany on the Rhine river [LRF]
Comano - Slavic country near Moscow ruled by Rodomonte [OI]
Compostella - City in Gallicia, location of the church of Saint James [HCG]
Constantinople - Capital of the Eastern Roman Empire [F]
Constanza - City where Charles, Duke Naimon, and the king of Hungary held council [LRF]
Córdoba (Cordova, Cordes, Corduba) - Capital of province in southern Spain, city in Andalusia where Almanzor is king [A] [F] [GB] [HCG]
Cornwall - County on a peninsula in southwest England [A]
Couzan (Cosenza) - Town in Calabria, Girard of Fraite is its ruler [A]
Cremona -City in Lombardy [OI]
Cyprus - Island kingdom in the eastern Mediterranean Sea [LRF]
—D—
Dacia - Medieval name for Denmark [HCG]
Damascus - City on a plateau in the mountains east of the Mediterranean [OF] [OI] [OTD]
Denmark - Kingdom in northern Europe between Germany and Norway [A] [OTD]
Distant Isle - Land where Monodante is king, it lies far to the northeast of Morgana's lake [OI]
Dordogne (Dordone) - Region in southwest France between the Loire Valley and Pyrenees mountains, city that Aymon is from [LRF] [OF] [OI]
—E—
Ebro - River near Zaragoza [HCG]
England - Island kingdom ruled by Otto [LRF]
Ephesus - Greek city on the Ionian coast, Eastern Apostolic See and church where the Apostle Saint John is entombed, location where John wrote his gospel [HCG]
Estella - City in the Spanish province of Navarra [GB]
—F—
Faraonia - Saracen city ruled by Sinagon [LRF]
Felandes - City ruled by Girart of Fraite [LRF]
Fémenie - Saracen country, land of the Amazons, the Realm of Women [A]
Ferrol - Port city in Galicia on the Atlantic coast of northwest Spain [HCG]
Flagot - Deep, fast-flowing river that can only be crossed by the bridge of Mantible [F]
Flanders - Flemish Region of Belgium [F]
Fraite (Eufrate, Eufraite) - City of Girard, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, town in the county of Arles [A]
France - Western half of Charlemagne's empire, West Francia [HCG]
Frisia (Friesland, Friezeland, Frisa) - Kingdon in the northern part of the Netherlands and Germany [A] [F] [HCG] [LRF] [OF]
—G—
Galicia (Gallicia) - Kingdom in northwest Spain, location of Santiago de Compostela [GB] [HCG] [LRF]
Galilee - Freshwater lake in the Holy Land [HCG]
Garamanta - Region of northern Africa between Egupy and Tunisia, Libya [OI]
Garbo - Town in the Maghreb in north Africa, land where Sobrino is king [OI]
Garonne - River in southwest France [HCG]
Garzim - Mountain and castle in Navarre where the army of Charlemagne fought against king Furra [HCG]
Gascony - Duchy in southwest France and northeast Spain, Girard of Fraite is its ruler [A] [HCG] [LRF]
Gaul - Ancient France in the Iron Age and Roman period [HCG]
Geneva - City in Switzerland near the border with Burgundy [A]
Genoa (Gênes) - Port city in northwest Italy [F]
Germany - Eastern half of Charlemagne's empire, East Francia [HCG]
Getulia - Kingdom in north Africa between Numidia and Mauritania [LRF]
Gévaudan (Gilvodain) - County in the Occitania region of southern France, Girard of Fraite is its ruler [A]
Giampie di Porto - City in Gascony [LRF]
Giron - Mountain ruled by the giant Agoriante [LRF]
Gongomier - Valley in the Holy Land [F]
Gozari - Mountain ruled by the giant Agoriante [LRF]
Granada - City in Andalusia region of southern Spain, site of the Alhambra [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Guienne (Guyenne) - Province in southwest France, region of Aquitaine [HCG]
Guimerà (Guimer Rock) - Town in the Catalonian region of Spain [F]
—H—
Hampton (Southampton) - City in southern England, southwest of London [OI]
Hautefeuille (Hauteville) - Town in north-central French which a family of traitors are from [F]
Holy Sepulcher - Church and tomb of Jesus in the Holy Land [F]
Hungary - Kingdom in central Europe ruled by king Phillip [A] [LRF]
—I—
India - Sultanate in south Asia [A]
Iria (Iria Flavia) - Settlement and bishopric in Gallicia [HCG]
Italy - Italian peninsula [HCG]
—J—
Jerusalem - City in Greater Syria [A] [F]
Josué - Plain and valley near the tower of Aigremoine [F]
Jordan - River in Greater Syria [A]
Judea - Region in the southern Levant [LRF]
Jumièges - Town in Normandy [A]
—L—
Langres - City in northeast France [A] [OTD]
Laon - City in northern France [A]
Le Mans (Mons) - City in northwest France, capital of Maine [A] [F] [HCG] [OTD]
León - Kingdom in northwest Spain [HCG]
Liege - County in Belgium in which Aix-la-Chapelle is located [HCG]
Limoges (Limorge) - City in Aquitaine, Martial is its Bishop [HCG]
Liza - City in Anatolia, home of Flordelis [OI]
Logrono - Logroño, city in northern Spain [GB]
Lombardy - Kingdom in northern Italy ruled by Desiderius before becoming part of Charlemagne's empire [A] [F] [LRF] [OI] [OTD]
Lorraine - Kingdom in northeast France on the border with Belgium [A] [HCG] [OI]
Luceria - City in the northern Apennines [LRF]
Lucerne - City in Switzerland [LRF]
Luiserne - Legendary Saracen city in northern Spain, sixth city conquered by Guy of Burgundy [GB]
Lusitania - Province in western Spain and Portugal [LRF]
—M—
Magnus (La Magna) - River where Charlemagne was conceived [LRF]
Maine - County in France bordering the county of Anjou to the south and the Duchy of Normandy to the north [A]
Majorca - Largest of the Balearic Islands off the Mediterranean coast of Spain [OTD]
Malborghetto (Calisfor) - Strong castle in the Pyrenees [LRF]
Malclos - Saracen kingdom ruled by Ailis [HCG]
Mantible - Bridge over the river Flagot near Aigremoine, it has twenty arches, a hundred knights can ride on the bridge side-by-side, it is guarded [F]
Margoyle - Saracen country [F]
Marimonde - Saracen country [F]
Marra (al-Ma'arra) - City in northwestern Syria between Aleppo and Hama [OF]
Marsa - Province ruled by Ogier the Dane [LRF]
Marmonda - Country of Argosto the naval commander [OI]
Maudrane - City ruled by Emaudras, one of five legendary Saracen cities in northern Spain that Guy of Burgundy conquers [GB]
Mayence (Mainz, Maganza, Mentz) - City where Charlemagne built a bridge over the Rhine river, home of Ganelon and his treacherous family [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Meadows of Nero - Location in Rome where Saint Pater was crucified during the reign of Nero, location of Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City [GB]
Meaux - City on the river Marne near Paris [OTD]
Mecca - Moslem holy city in Arabia [GB] [HCG] [LRF]
Melania - City in northeast Spain [LRF]
Misenum - Port city of the Bay of Naples in Italy [A]
Mongrana - City that two brothers of Girart of Fraite are from [LRF]
Montauban (Montalbano) - City in southern France [FSA] [OF] [OI]
Montdidier (Miblis) - Town in the Picardy region of northern France [HCG]
Montesclair - One of five legendary Saracen cities in northern Spain that Guy of Burgundy conquers [GB]
Montmartre - Large hill in north of Paris [HCG]
Montmirat - Town in southern France [F]
Montorgueil - One of five legendary Saracen cities in northern Spain that Guy of Burgundy conquers, it is surrounded by rivers that contain magnets [GB]
Moriane - Saracen country [A]
Morlain - City in Gascony [LRF]
Mount Arteles - Mountain in the Pyrenees [LRF]
Mulga - Kingdom by the river Molocath in Algeria [OI]
—N—
Nabatea - Kingdom in Arabia that stretches south along the Red Sea coast into the Hejaz [OF] [OI]
Nadres - Kingdom in Spain [HCG]
Najera (Nager) - City in Navarre occupied by Ferracute [HCG]
Nantes - Port city on the Loire river in the Upper Brittany region of western France [A] [F] [HCG] [OTD]
Narbonne - City on the Mediterranean coast in southwest France, ruled by Aymeri [HCG] [LRF]
Navarre - Kingdom of northeast Spain that occupies both sides of the Pyrenees mountains [HCG] [LRF]
Nobil - City in the Pyrenees in northeast Spain [LRF]
Nobiro - Kingdom ruled by Balante the Turk [LRF]
Noritia (Norizia) - Kingdom in Mauretania [OF] [OI]
Normandy - Ducky in northwest France [A] [F] [GB] [OI] [OTD]
Nubia - Region along the Nile river in southern Egypt and central Sudan [F]
Numidia - Kingdom in northwest Africa [LRF]
—O—
Occident - Western region of the world, the continent of Europe and Northern Africa [A]
Orcania - Saracen kingdom ruled by Calide, the Orkney Islands, the people of this land fight completely naked [A]
Orgagna - Far off land of wonders, possibly on the northeast side of the Caspian Sea [OI]
Orient - Eastern region of the world, the continent of Asia [A]
Orléans - City in north-central France on the Loire river [LRF]
—P—
Palermo - Capital of Sicily [GB]
Pamiers - French city near the spanish border [GB]
Pamplona (Pampeluna, Pamphilonia) - Capital of Navarre [HCG] [LRF]
Paris - Capital of France [A] [HCG] [LRF]
Pavia - City south of Milan, in Italy, capital of the Lombard kingdom [F] [LRF] [OTD]
Perigord (Petrigord) - Region of France corresponding roughly to Dordogne, Frontorne is its Bishop [HCG]
Perpignan - City in France near the Mediterranean coast, capital of the County of Roussillon [LRF]
Persia - Saracen kingdom in southwest Asia [A] [LRF]
Picardy - Region north of Paris in France [A] [GB] [KS] [OTD] [SR] [WC]
Plaisance - City in southwest France [KS] [O] [OTD] [PC] [SR]
Poitiers (Poictiers) - City in west central France, capital of Poitou [A] [HCG]
Poitou - Province of west-central France [A]
Pont-Élie - Bridge which is the home of Renier [OTD]
Pontieri - City that Ganelon is from [LRF]
Porta Artese - City in Gascony [LRF]
Portugal - Kingdom on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula bordering Spain [HCG] [LRF]
Pyrenees - Mountain range on the border between France and Spain [HCG] [LRF]
—R—
Rassa - A narrow point with white beaches located near Egypt where Barigano is king [LRF] [OI]
Rassia - Kingdom ruled by Apolline [LRF]
Reggio (Rise, Risa) - City in Calabria on the Strait of Messina in southern Italy, the treasure of Hannibal is buried there, it is the birthplace of Rogero [A] [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Reims (Rheims) - City in Champagne district of northeast France [A] [F] [GB] [HCG] [KS] [O] [OI] [OF] [PC] [SR] [WC]
Rhine - Major European river that flows from the Alps north to the Netherlands [A]
Riviera (Rivier, Rivera) - Southern coastline of France ruled by Iachetto, home of Morando [LRF] [OTD]
Roasa (Roase) - Mesopotamia [OI]
Romagna - Province in northern Italy on the coast of the Adriatic Sea [A]
Rome - City in central Italy, location of Saint Peter's Basilica [A] [LRF]
Roncevaux (Roncesvalles) - Pass through the Pyrenees from Navarra in northern Spain to Gascony, during the Battle of Roncevaux Pass Charlemagne's rearguard was ambushed by Saracens, place where Roland, Oliver, and the rest of the twelve peers of France all fell in battle [F] [GB] [HCG] [SR]
Ross [OF]
Rouen - Port city on the river Seine in Normandy [A]
Rume - River three leagues away from the Pyrenees [HCG]
—S—
Sahagún (Saint Facundus) - Abbey and city in León, spears of French knights stuck in the ground grew into ash trees at this location [HCG]
Saint Denis - Basilica, abbey, and town near Paris, cathedral named after the patron saint of France [GB] [HCG] [LRF]
Saint Gille - Town in southern France near Nimes [GB]
Saint Omer - City in northern France near Calais and near the border with Belgium [LRF] [OTD]
Saint Severinus (Severin, Seurin) - Church in Bordeaux where Roland is buried [HCG]
Salvaterra - City in Gascony [LRF]
San Giovanni Laterano - Basilica and town near Rome [LRF]
Santiago de Compostela (Saint James) - Capital of Galicia, location of the Shrine of Saint James, destination for a pilgrimage, western Apostolic See and church in Compostella where the body of the Apostle Saint James is entombed [GB] [HCG]
Sarais - Kingdom in north Africa between Numidia and Mauritania [LRF]
Sarza - City in Algeria, home of Uliano [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Savoy - Duchy south of lake Geneva in the Piedmont are of France [OI]
Saxony (La Saxe) - Kingdom in northern Germany [A] [HCG]
Scandia - Kingdom ruled by Balante the Turk [LRF]
Sericana - Kingdom in southeast Asia [OF] [OI]
Seville - City in Andalusia [HCG]
Sicily - Large Mediterranean island separated from Italy by the Strait of Messina [A]
Sottira - City in Persia on lake Aris [LRF]
Spain - Kingdom on the Iberian peninsula, Castile and León [HCG]
Split Tree (Arbre Qui Fant) - Place in the East that marks the end of the known world [A]
Strait of Messina - Narrow strait between Sicily and Calabria [A]
Sutri - City in Italy north of Rome [LRF]
Syria (Greater Syria) - Region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in western Asia, also called Palestine or the Levant [A] [F]
—T—
Taleburg - Castle near the city of Xantogne [HCG]
Taprobana - Sri Lanka [OI]
Tarragona - Port city in northeast Spain [LRF]
Tartary - Siberia and southern Russia as far as the Black Sea, region in Asia north of China and east of the Caspian Sea [LRF] [OF] [OI]
Tauras - Mountains in southern Turkey [LRF]
Thessaly - Region on the east coast of Greece on the Aegean Sea [OI]
Thracia - Southeastern Balkan region of Greece, north of Thessaly [OF]
Timoriel - Valley of Timoriel, in a Saracen country [A]
Tingitana - Northern Morocco [OF] [OI]
Tintagor - Saracen kingdom ruled by Amandras, land where day never dawns [A]
Toledo - City on a hill above the plains La Mancha in central Spain [OI]
Tortoles - Kingdom in Spain ruled by Macabré [A]
Tortosa - City in northeast Spain [LRF]
Toulouse (Thoulouse) - Capital of southern Occitanie region of France, Charlemagne learned Arabic there as a youth, Saturnine is its Bishop [HCG] [LRF]
Touraine - Province in central France to the west of Paris [A]
Tours - Capital of Touraine [A]
Trebizond - Empire destoryed by Mehmed II [OI]
Tremisena - Tremizon, in Algeria [OF] [OI]
Tremogna - City ruled by Girart of Fraite where his enemies are imprisoned [LRF]
Trieva - City that Raymond is from [LRF]
Troyes - City in northeast France [OTD]
Tuscany - Region in central Italy [LRF]
—V—
Val Penée - Saracen country ruled by Hector, river valley in Greece [A]
Valagna - City ruled by Girart of Fraite [LRF]
Valencia - Port city on the southeast coast of Spain [LRF]
Valmorade - Saracen kingdom [F]
Valorie - Saracen kingdom ruled by Trïamodés [A]
Vienne - Town south of Lyon in southeast France, at the confluence of the Gère and the Rhône rivers, ruled by Girard of Fraite [A] [HCG] [O] [OTD] [SR]
—X—
Xantonge (Saintonge) - Province on the central Atlantic coast of France conquered by Argolander, it is on the Carenton river, Eutropius is its Bishop [HCG]
—Z—
Zaragoza (Saragossa) - Capital of Aragon in Spain, where Galaphron is king [HCG] [LRF]
Zealand - Largest island in Denmark [OF]
Zumara (Azumara) - Azenmour on the Atlantic coast of Africa [OF] [OI]
SOURCES
[A] : Aspremont
[F] : Fierabras
[FSA] : Four Sons of Aymon
[GB] : Gui de Bourgogne
[HCG] : History of Charles the Great and Orlando
[LRF] : Li Reali di Francia
[KS] : Karlamagnus Saga
[O] : Otinel
[OF] : Orlando Furioso
[OI] : Orlando Innamorato
[OTD] : Ogier the Dane
[PC] : Pilgrimage of Charlemagne
[SR] : Song of Roland
[WC] : Weihenstephan Chronicle
REFERENCES
